Objective: Investigation of the epidemiology of PD in southwestern Finland
in 1992 (population 196,864), including urban and rural areas, with a compa
rison with a similar study, done in the same area in 1971, to evaluate the
temporal pattern. Methods: Community-based method of patient ascertainment
with personal investigation of cases. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence
(to the Finnish general population in 1991) was 139 per 100,000 population
in 1971 and 166 in 1992. Prevalence ratio for PD in men versus women was 1.
2 (NS) in 1971 and 1.7 in 1992 (p < 0.001); in the rural versus urban popul
ations the prevalence ratio was 0.8 (NS) in 1971 and 1.3 in 1992 (p = 0.013
). The age-specific prevalence rates showed a male preponderance in all age
groups in 1992 and a rural preponderance in the age groups over 60 years.
In 1992, compared with 1971, the male and rural preponderance occurred in t
he age groups over 70 years. The age-adjusted incidence was 15.7 per 100,00
0 population in 1971 and 14.9 in 1992. Relative risk for PD in men versus w
omen was 0.9 (NS) in 1971 and 1.9 (p < 0.001) in 1992, and in rural versus
urban populations 1.4(p = 0.093) in 1992. Conclusions: A very significant m
ale and a significant rural predominance, not seen in 1971, suggests a poss
ible environmental causative factor, perhaps more frequent in the rural env
ironment, associated with PD. Men may be either more exposed to it or more
susceptible to its effects than women.