Serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in in vitro fertilization cycles predict the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Objective: To explore the value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations during IVF cycles in predicting the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Design: Prospective study. Setting: London Women's Clinic. Patient(s): One hundred seven women undergoing IVF. Mild OHSS developed in 10 women, moderate OHSS in 7, and severe OHSS in 3. Intervention(s): Serum VEGF concentrations were measured before treatment, after pituitary desensitization, and on the days of hCG administration, ooc yte collection, and ET. Main Outcome Measure(s): Serum VEGF concentrations. Result(s): Serum VEGF concentrations were higher in women in whom OHSS deve loped. The increase in the VEGF concentration that occurred between the day of hCG administration and the day of oocyte collection (the "VEGF rise") w as an important marker of OHSS. The VEGF rise was higher in women in whom O HSS developed. A higher VEGF rise predicted all cases of OHSS and moderate/ severe cases of OHSS with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 60%. A likelihood ratio test showed that adding the VEGF rise or the VEGF concent ration on the day of oocyte collection to a regression model as a continuou s variable to the number of follicles, the E-2 concentration, and the prese nce of polycystic ovaries significantly contributed to predicting the risk of OHSS. Conclusion(s): The results support the role of VEGF as an important nonster oidal index of ovarian response. The VEGF rise may have an advantage over t he E-2 concentration, the number of follicles, and the number of oocytes, w hich individually predict only 15%-25% of cases of OHSS. (Fertil Steril(R) 1999;71:287-93. (C) 1999 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.).