R. Neugebauer et al., SECONDARY-IONS FROM ATOMIC COLLISION PROCESSES IN SOLID-SURFACES, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, 124(2-3), 1997, pp. 418-421
Using time-of-flight technique (TOF) we investigated the secondary ion
emission from an uncleaned carbon surface induced by fast helium bomb
ardment near the maximum of electronic stopping power (dE/dx)(e). We e
xamined the production of secondary ions dependend on projectile prope
rties only, as specific projectile energy (50 keV/u less than or equal
to E-p/m(p) less than or equal to 500 keV/u) and incident charge stat
e (0 less than or equal to q(i) less than or equal to 2), but not on t
arget properties, as surface conditions. The ''pre-equilibrium stoppin
g power'' plays a major role in secondary ion production in the examin
ated projectile velocity regime.