The crystal structure of CcdB, a protein that poisons Escherichia coli gyra
se, was determined in three crystal forms. The protein;consists of a five-s
tranded antiparallel beta-pleated sheet followed by a C-terminal alpha-heli
x. In one of the loops of the sheet, a second small three-stranded antipara
llel beta-sheet is inserted that sticks out of the molecule as a wing. This
wing contains the LysC proteolytic cleavage site that is protected by CcdA
and, therefore, forms a Likely CcdA recognition site. A dimer is formed by
sheet extension and by extensive hydrophobic contacts involving three of t
he five methionine residues and the C terminus of the a-helix. The surface
of the dimer on the side of the alpha-helix is overall negatively charged,
while the opposite side as well as the wing sheet is dominated by positive
charges. We propose that the CcdB dimer binds into the central hole of the
59 kDa N-terminal fragment of GyrA, after disruption of the head dimer inte
rface of GyrA. (C) 1999 Academic Press.