Political Action Committee spending and Senate roll call voting

This paper addresses how PAC spending affects the roll call voting behavior of U.S. Senators. Using a theoretical framework which draws broadly on the voting literature, we develop models that explain Senatorial voting behavi or in a pre-PAC and post-PAC world. Testing both models we find weak suppor t for a Downs-Black view of voting participation in the first model. The se cond model supports the alteration of voting incentives resulting from PAC spending. We find that PACs have a positive effect on voting participation. The conjecture remains whether PACs change voting outcomes, but it is clea r that they buy voting participation.