Issue competition in the 1993 Norwegian national election

We investigate the role of issues in the 1993 Norwegian election. We are in terested in comparing two spatial models of issue evaluation, the direction al model and the familiar proximity model. The directional model implies th at voters ask two questions of parties: Are you on my side? and Can I trust you to be responsible? This contrasts with the classic proximity question: How close are your positions to mine? Prior analysis of Norwegian voters has favored the directional model. The e mpirical story in 1993, however, features a traditional centrist party, the agrarian Center Party, running quite strongly, which on the surface, at le ast, challenges the directional model, and presents an interesting case to observe. We also extend our analysis to examine more generally the impact o f issues on the election. This unrestricted analysis adds texture to our un derstanding of the role of issues, while its results dovetail with the anal ysis of the specific models. When people evaluated parties on the basis of issues in Norway in 1993, the directional model describes that dynamic well .