Several ongoing national surveys, including the Monitoring the Future study
, the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, and the Youth Risk Behavior
Survey, are investigating the drinking behaviors of adolescents in the Unit
ed States. These studies have found that the majority of adolescents under
the age of 18 have consumed alcohol, although the minimum legal drinking ag
e is 21. Drinking rates may even have increased in recent years in some age
groups. No substantial differences exist among various sociodemographic su
bgroups with respect to drinking rates, although alcohol consumption genera
lly is lowest among African-Americans and highest among whites. Moreover, a
lcohol consumption increases sharply throughout adolescence. Various attitu
dinal and behavioral factors, such as religious involvement, truancy, and a
verage grade level, also influence adolescents' drinking behaviors. Almost
two-thirds of 12th graders who report consuming alcohol experience at least
one alcohol-related problem. Most adolescents drink to experience the plea
surable effects of alcohol such as having a good time with friends.