A technique for assessing the effects of olfaction on feed preference in lactating Holstein cows

Our objective was to develop a method for assessing the effects of olfactio n on feed preference. Two multiparous lactating Holstein cows were offered a totally mixed ration consisting of corn silage, alfalfa haylage, and a gr ound corn and soybean meal-based concentrate mixture (25:25:50 on a DM basi s) for their ad libitum consumption in four consecutive 2.5-h periods daily for 5 d. An apparatus was developed that allowed odorants to be distribute d at a set rate over two feeding containers with limited possibility of odo r carryover. Four odorants and a control (no odorant) were compared against each other. All possible comparisons were conducted on the left and right feeding sides to avoid potential lateral-preference effects. Rank values of 0 or .5 were assigned to each odorant based on the percentage of total fee d consumed in a period. A test of overall equality based on the sums of squ ares of ranks was used to determine whether odors affected preference. The limited results indicated that inhalation of odorants did not affect prefer ence. Rank values were doubled for several odorants when compared with othe rs, which suggested that the sample size limited experimental sensitivity. To attain reasonable power, we estimated that at least six cows were needed per study. Large effects of odorants on feed preference would have been re quired to reach statistical significance in this trial; however, the method provides a practical technique for testing the effects of olfaction on fee d preference in cattle when the suggested number of cows is used.