Characterization of pheromone blend for grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana byusing flight track recording

The behavioral responses of Lobesia botrana males to calling females, phero mone gland extracts, and synthetic sex pheromones were recorded in a wind t unnel. Gland extracts and synthetic pheromones were released from a pheromo ne evaporator. The numbers of males reaching the source and their flight tr acks in response to calling females and pheromone gland extracts were compa red to those of synthetic blends. Upwind flights to natural sex pheromone w ere straighter and faster than to a three-component blend of (E)-7,(Z)-9-do decadienyl acetate (E7,Z9-12 : Ac), (E)-7,(Z)-9-dodecadien-1-ol (E7,Z9-12 : OH), and (Z)-9-docecenyl acetate (29-12 : Ac) (100 : 20 : 5). The optimum ratio of E7,Z9-12 : OH and 29-12 : Ac to E7,Z9-12 : Ac was found to be 5% a nd 18, respectively An additional seven compounds identified in the sex phe romone gland were investigated for their biological activity. Two unsaturat ed acetates, i.e., (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (E9-12 : Ac) and Delta 11-dodece nyl acetate (Delta 11-12 : Ac), increased the number of males reaching the source as well as straightness, linear velocity, and decreased the track an gle of upwind flight. Optimum response was obtained by releasing 10 pg/min E7,Z9-12 : Ac in a mixture with 0.5 pg/min E7,Z9-12 : OH, 0.1 pg/min 29-12 : Ac, 0.1 pg/min E9- 12 : Ac and 1 pg/min Delta 11-12-Ac. The saturated ace tates previously identified in the female glands were biologically inactive .