Mono- and sesquiterpenes and antifungal constituents from Artemisia species

In addition to p-sitosterol and alpha-amyrin detected in all the investigat ed species, the extract of the aerial parts of Artemisia giraldii var. gira ldii gave stigmasterol, daucosterol, sesamine, luteolin, eupafolin, hispidu lin, eupatilin, belamcanidin, pinitol, artemin, ridentin, and a new antifun gal monoterpene (named santolinylol) while that of the aerial parts of A. m ongolica afforded sesamine, eupafolin, eupatilin, matricarin, and a new ger macranolide (3-oxo-11 alpha H-germacra-1 (10)E,4Z-dien-12,6 alpha-olide), a nd that of the aerial parts of A. vestita yielded stigmasterol, daucosterol , umbelliferone, scopolin, scoparone, and isoscopoletin-O-glucoside. Pinito l, first reisolated from Artemisia genus, was shown to inhibit the growth o f the human pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger , Geotrichun condidum, Trichophyton rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum. U mbelliferone was also active against Candida tropicalis, A. flavus, C. cond idum, T. rubrum, and E. floccosum. The flavones hispidulin and belamcanidin were almost equally inhibitory to the growth of A. flavus, G. candidum, T. rubrum, and E, floccosum, and santolinylol to C. albicans, A. flavus, A. n iger, G. condidum, T. rubrum, and E, floccosum. In addition, ridentin was a ctive against the growth of the plant pathogenic fungus Cladosporium cucume rinum.