K. Shinpo et al., Protective effects of the TNF-ceramide pathway against glutamate neurotoxicity on cultured mesencephalic neurons, BRAIN RES, 819(1-2), 1999, pp. 170-173
Pretreatments with TNF-alpha and lower concentrations of C-2-ceramide prote
cted cultured mesencephalic neurons from excitotoxicity in a dose-dependent
manner. These protective effects are reduced by cotreatment with N, N-dime
thylsphingosine (DMS), an inhibitor of sphingosine kinase. Since the pretre
atment with sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) showed a neuroprotective effect o
ur data suggest that protective effects of TNF and C-2-ceramide could be at
tributable to their further metabolism to SPP. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.
V. All rights reserved.