Fetal ultrasound biometry: 2. Abdomen and femur length reference values

Objective To create reliable reference ranges and calculate Z scores for fe tal abdomen and femur ultrasound biometry using a large sample size which i s evenly distributed from 12 to 42 weeks of pregnancy Design A prospective, cross-sectional study. Setting Obstetric clinics (outpatient and delivery units) at the University Hospital of Zurich. Sample The study data were obtained from 6557 pregnant women. Methods Only the first ultrasound examination between 12 and 42 weeks of ea ch fetus with certainly established gestational age was used for analysis, No exclusions were made on the grounds of small-for-date birthweight, prema turity or other events several weeks after the examination. Separate regres sion models were fitted to estimate the mean and standard deviation at each gestational age for each parameter. Results A total of 5807 mean abdominal diameters and abdominal circumferenc es were derived front fetal transverse and anterio-posterior fetal abdomina l diameter measurements. Fetal femur length was measured in 5860 instances. The charts, tables and regression formulae of the biometrical measurements are presented. A comparison of our charts with others showed no significan t difference, Only Merz's(1) centiles for abdominal biometry were lower and for femur length higher than ours. An application to calculate Z scores wa s developed using Excel (Microsoft Corporation, USA); the macros are presen ted in detail in the Figure 6 footnote. Conclusions We have presented centile charts, tables and formulae for fetal abdominal diameter and circumference and femur length derived from a large and minimally selected sample size in a carefully designed cross-sectional study. Complete tables and regression formulae Co calculate reference rang es and Z scores are presented to use in computer-aided evaluation of fetal ultrasound biometry.