Predisposing factors and consequences of occupational status for long-termunemployed youth: a longitudinal examination

In a longitudinal study, long-term unemployed youth were assessed at T1 on measures of psychological health (self-esteem and psychological distress), general ability and literacy levels. At T2, three occupational groups were established (those employed at T2, those continuously unemployed between T1 -T2 and those unemployed at T2 who had been in the paid work force between T1-T2). These three groups were examined, first in relation to predisposing factors for occupational status, and second in relation to psychological h ealth consequences of occupational status. Psychological health was not ide ntified as a predictor of occupational status. Reductions in psychological distress occurred at T2 for the employed group only. No changes occurred in self-esteem for any group. General ability, literacy levels and length of unemployment were identified as predisposing factors for occupational statu s. Those with higher general ability, better literacy and shorter periods o f unemployment at T1 were more likely to be employed at T2. (C) 1999 The As sociation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents.