Prevalence of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency in men and women in the general population: Edinburgh Vein Study

Study objective-To determine the prevalence of varicose veins and chronic v enous insufficiency (CVI) in the general population. Design-Cross sectional survey. Setting-City of Edinburgh. Participants-Men and women aged 18-64 years selected randomly from age-sex registers of 12 general practices. Main results-In 1566 subjects examined, the age adjusted prevalence of trun k varices was 40% in men and 32% in women (p less than or equal to 0.01). T his sex difference was mostly a result of higher prevalence of mild trunk v arices in men. More than 80% of all subjects had mild hyphenweb and reticul ar varices. The age adjusted prevalence of CVI was 9% in men and 7% in wome n (p less than or equal to 0.05). The prevalence of all categories of varic es and of CVI increased with age (p less than or equal to 0.001). No relati on was found with social class. Conclusions-Approximately one third of men and women aged 18-64 years had t runk varices. In contrast with the findings in most previous studies, mainl y conducted in the 1960s and 1970s, chronic venous insufficiency and mild v aricose veins were more common in men than women. No evidence of bias in th e study was found to account for this sex difference. Changes in lifestyle or other factors might be contributing to an alteration in the epidemiology of venous disease.