Models describe microstrip circuit characteristics

OPTIMAL design of microstrip-based circuits requires proper selection of pr inted-circuit-board (PCB) material, PCB thickness, and line width. To accur ately characterize these circuits, it is important to properly simulate the effects of coupling between Lines, bends and splitting of lines, discontin uities, junctions, dispersion, air bridges, shortcircuiting holes, enclosur es, delay units, as well as tunable stubs. This is particularly true for mi crowave and high-speed digital circuits. This overview of microstrip design and simulation discusses the modeling of various effects in microstrip cir cuits. Design equations and remedies for various discontinuity effects from technical literature(1-4) are presented.