Resolving the lateral variations of attenuation in the deep mantle by tomog
raphic methods holds potential for constraining its thermal structure and d
ynamics. It is a challenging subject which has been addressed by only a few
studies until now. We here review the main motivations behind pursuing thi
s challenge, the difficult issues involved in separating effects of anelast
ic attenuation from scattering and focusing due to propagation in 3-D elast
ic structure and finally discuss the current status of global attenuation t
omography.