Some of the recent advances in functional brain imaging that allow us to vi
ew molecular events within the brain are reviewed in this article. The focu
s is on positron emission tomography, but some of the important results usi
ng other techniques such as single photon emission tomography, functional m
agnetic resonance imaging, surface electrophysiology (EEG and pain-evoked p
otentials), and magnetoencephalography are mentioned where appropriate. The
contributions these techniques have made to providing a much more detailed
understanding of how the brain processes information about actual and poss
ible noxious stimuli is described. All of the imaging techniques are not re
viewed, but a brief outline of what they measure is included.