Increased growth of Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium by germinated barley foodstuff, accompanied by enhanced butyrate production in healthy volunteers

Germinated barley foodstuff (GBF) derived from the aleurone and scutellum f ractions of germinated barley mainly consists of low-lignified hemicellulos e and glutamine-rich protein. GBF improves the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells and defecation, through the bacterial production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), especially butyrate. In this study we investigate d the mechanism of production of butyrate by microflora in humans and in vi tro. Daily administration of 9 g GBF for 14 successive days significantly i ncreased fecal butyrate content. Fecal Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium were also significantly increased by GBF administration in healthy volunteers. Ten anaerobic micro-organisms selected from intestinal microflora were cult ured in vitro in the medium containing GBF as a sole carbon source (GBF med ium). After a 3-day incubation, 7 strains (Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobac terium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei, Bacteroides ovatus, Clostridium butyricum, and Eubacterium limosum) lowere d the medium pH producing SCFA. Eubacterium grown together with Bifidobacte rium in GBF medium efficiently produced butyrate. On the other hand, GBF ch anged the intestinal microflora and increased probiotics such as Bifidobact erium in the intestinal tract. As a result, butyrate was produced by the mu tual action of Eubacterium and Bifidobacterium. This butyrate is considered to enhance the proliferation of colonic epithelial cells.