Kr. Westerterp et al., Diet induced thermogenesis measured over 24h in a respiration chamber: effect of diet composition, INT J OBES, 23(3), 1999, pp. 287-292
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of diet composition on diet-induced thermoge
nesis (DIT) over 24h in a respiration chamber.
SUBJECTS: Eight healthy female volunteers (age 27 +/- 3 y; body mass index,
BMI 23 +/- 3 kg/m(2)).
DIETS: A high protein and carbohydrate (HP/C) (60:10:30; percentage energy
(E%)carbohydrate, fat and protein, respectively) and high fat (HF) (30:60:1
0 respectively) diet, both isoenergetic, isovolumetric, composed of normal
food items and matched for organoleptic properties (taste, smelt, appearanc
e).
DESIGN: Subjects spent two 36 h periods each in a respiration chamber consu
ming both test diets in random order. Components of 24h energy expenditure
(24h EE): sleeping metabolic rate, DIT and activity induced energy expendit
ure were measured.
RESULTS: DIT was higher in all subjects while on the HP/C diet (1295 kJ/d v
s 931 kJ/d; 14.6% vs 10.5% of energy intake; P < 0.02). There was no signif
icant difference in other components or total 24 h EE, although there was a
trend towards higher EE on the HP/C diet.
CONCLUSION: A high protein and carbohydrate diet induces a greater thermic
response in healthy individuals when compared to a high fat diet.