B. Fabianek et al., OPTICAL NETWORK RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPEAN-COMMUNITY PROGRAMS - FROM RACE TO ACTS, IEEE communications magazine, 35(4), 1997, pp. 50-56
The European Union programs of cooperative research and development in
telecommunications aim to ensure the realization of the future Inform
ation Society. The RACE Program (1988 to 1995) made an important contr
ibution to the development oi advanced optical communications. The cur
rent ACTS Program has an increased focus on field trials and networkin
g. ACTS projects in the field of optical networks are studying multiwa
velength network concepts, customer access, high-speed multiplexing an
d transport, and components and subsystems.