nm23 in the primary and metastatic sites of gastric carcinoma - Relation to AFP-producing carcinoma

Tumor metastasis is the major cause of treatment failure and death in cance r patients. The present study was designed to extrapolate the association o f nm23 expression with acquisition of metastatic potential of gastric carci noma with special reference to the alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carc inoma (APGC). The primary tumor with surrounding normal mucosa and metastat ic lymph nodes of 30 patients with APGC and 29 randomly selected matched co ntrols of non-AFP gastric carcinoma (NAGC) were immunostained for nm23 and an image analyzer system was used for quantitative evaluation. Overexpressi on of nm23 was noted in 71% (42/59) of the primary tumors and 18% (10/55) o f the metastatic tumors and there was no difference between the APGC and NA GC groups. The overexpression of nm23 in the primary tumors correlated with tumor invasion, metastasis and progression in all cases and similar result s were obtained in the APGC and NAGC groups except for the tumor stage whic h was insignificant in the APGC group. The patient survival was adversely a ffected by the overexpression of nm23 in the primary sites and downregulati on in the metastatic sites in all cases but lost their significance in the multivariate analysis. However, nm23 status did not affect patient survival in the APGC group.