M. Miravitlles et al., Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its exacerbations in general practice, RESP MED, 93(3), 1999, pp. 173-179
The high prevalence and chronicity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) imply that many of these patients are treated and controlled in pri
mary-care centres, often without contact with specialized pneumologist care
. We conducted the present study to evaluate the treatment administered in
stable and exacerbated COPD in GP-setting clinics and to investigate which
factors could be associated with the different prescriptions.
This is a cross-sectional observational study of ambulatory COPD patients.
General practitioners (n = 201) were selected throughout Spain by regionall
y stratified sampling. We recorded the physician-reported prescription drug
use in ambulatory treatment of stable COPD and acute exacerbations of COPD
through a standard questionnaire. Factors independently associated with th
e prescription of drugs were ascertained by multiple logistic regression an
alysis.
Of 1078 questionnaires reviewed, 1001 fulfilled quality criteria. There wer
e 878 men (88%) and 123 women (12%); 777 (78%) were smokers or ex-smokers w
ith a mean age of 68 years. Mean FEV1 was 47% predicted (% pred.) (SD = 13%
). The median number of exacerbations was two per year (range = 0-16). Regu
lar treatment for COPD was received by 878 (88%). the most commonly used dr
ugs were inhaled beta(2)-agonists (71%), theophyllines (53%) and inhaled co
rticosteroids (ICs) (50%), followed by mucolytics (25%), ipratropium bromid
e (23%), and oral corticosteroids (OCs) (4%). Treatment for exacerbations i
ncluded inhaled bronchodilators (90%), antibiotics (89%), ICs (71%) and OCs
(43%).
Impairment of FEV1 was the factor most strongly associated in multiple regr
ession analysis with increasing drug prescription in stable COPD, except fo
r mucolytics, while the number of previous acute exacerbations was the main
factor associated with exacerbation treatment except for OCs, the use of w
hich was associated with more impaired pulmonary function.
A significant number of the treatments prescribed in primary care for stabl
e and exacerbated COPD do not follow current recommendations. Impairment in
FEV1 is the factor most strongly associated with increasing prescription i
n stable COPD and the number of previous exacerbations is the main factor a
ssociated with exacerbation treatment.