Appalachian perspective on modifiable risk factors in coronary artery disease: How well are we doing?

Background. Despite recognition of modifiable risk factors and available an d effective lifestyle and pharmacologic therapies, many individuals have un recognized or untreated risk factors for coronary artery disease. Methods. Using MEDLINE, ive searched for relevant review articles and clini cal trials related to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smok ing, physical activity, obesity, and psychologic risk factors for coronary artery disease. We carefully reviewed the literature and statistics on modi fiable risk factors and identified appropriate physician interventions. Results, A large amount of information is available on coronary artery dise ase and modifiable risk factors. Much of the data focuses on diagnosis and treatment to goal. Conclusions. Coronary artery disease remains the number one cause of death in the United States and West Virginia, even though specific guidelines hav e been established for detection and treatment. The medical community needs to be more aggressive in managing modifiable risk factors.