Caval thrombosis in a temporary vena cava filter system

The application of temporary vena cava filters for the treatment of deep ve nous thrombosis of the lower extremity has become increasingly important in recent years. The filters are supposed to guarantee temporary protection f rom more extensive pulmonary embolism. Occlusion of the filter system by a larger embolus as well as vena cava thrombosis including the filter struts present major therapeutic problems. We report on one patient in whom the te mporarily inserted filter was trapped in a large vena cava thrombus and had to be removed surgically by caval thrombectomy. Because of possible compli cations such as the above, the indication for insertion of temporary vena c ava filters requires thorough consideration. Their duration of stay should be as short as possible and should be limited to the high risk phase, not e xceeding ten days.