This essay introduces this theme issue, which examines how notions of ident
ity and authenticity are defined and negotiated in different contexts of in
digenous language education in Alaska, California, Hawai'i, and the Solomon
Islands. The introductory article situates these case studies within the l
arger context of other language/culture-minority groups who are attempting
to maintain or revitalize their heritage languages, language varieties, and
cultural practices through educational endeavors.