Reducibility of ruthenium in relation with zeolite structure

Ru-zeolites prepared via deposition of aqueous solution of ruthenium chlori de on X, L, ZSM-5 and APO-54 were investigated. The impregnated solids were characterized by the following techniques: N-2 sorption, H-2 chemisorption , TPR, XRD, XPS, EXAFS and Mossbauer spectroscopy. It was found that deposi tion of Ru is influenced by the pore structure and the chemical composition of the supports, in particular the concentration and strength of the proto nic sites, with the formation of the different species. The packing of Ru a s well as the degree of the reduction and the metal particle size are diffe rent according to the penetration depth of the metal and the nature of the zeolite. The amount of chlorine possibly remaining as adatoms of Ru is very low or inexistent. In calcined and reduced catalysts no chloride peak coul d be evidenced by XPS. The experiments confirmed that the use of large amou nts of Ru chloride precursor leads to rather large metal particles. (C) 199 9 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.