Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy with peripheral demyelinating neuropathy after autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloblastic leukemia (FAB5)

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy is an opportunistic JC virus-rel ated pathology occurring in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of severe cellular immunodeficiency in a patient who underwent autologous bon e marrow transplantation for acute myeloblastic leukemia, and who subsequen tly developed progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, an unusual pathol ogy in this context. Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy was precede d by a peripheral demyelinating neuropathy, We discuss the possible link be tween these two neuropathies, the possible aggravation or activation from C MV infection, as well as the possible contribution of bone marrow purging i n the resultant cellular immunodeficiency.