Randomized trial of treatment with cisplatin and interleukin-2 either alone or in combination with interferon-alpha-2a in patients with metastatic melanoma
T. Dorval et al., Randomized trial of treatment with cisplatin and interleukin-2 either alone or in combination with interferon-alpha-2a in patients with metastatic melanoma, CANCER, 85(5), 1999, pp. 1060-1066
BACKGROUND, The objective of the current study was to evaluate the response
rate, survival, and toxicity of treatment with cisplatin and high dose int
ravenous continuous infusion interleukin-2 (IL-2) with or without interfero
n-alpha-2a (IFN) in patients with metastatic melanoma.
METHODS. One hundred and seventeen patients with metastatic melanoma random
ly were assigned to receive cisplatin, 100 mg/m(2), followed after a 3-day
rest period by IL-2, 18 x 10(6) IU/m(2), on Days 3-6 and Days 17-21 (Arm 1)
or cisplatin and IL-2 using an identical schedule plus subcutaneous IFN, 9
x 10(6) U, 3 times a week during IL-2 administration (Arm 2). In the absen
ce of disease progression or undue toxicity, the cycle could be repeated on
Day 29, Patients who responded after two cycles eventually could receive a
third cycle. One hundred and one patients were evaluable for toxicity and
efficacy.
RESULTS. On treatment Arm 1, 3 patients (6%) achieved a complete response (
CR) and 5 patients (10%) achieved a partial response (PR) with a median res
ponse duration of 3.8 months for the CRs and 8.7 months for the PRs. On tre
atment Arm 2, 2 patients (3%) achieved a CR (durations of 5.9 and 33.1 mont
hs, respectively) and 11 patients (21%) a PR with a median response duratio
n of 8.3 months. The median durations of overall, survival were 10.4 months
(range, 1.1-39.7+ months) and 10.9 months (range, 0.5-38.1+ months) far tr
eatment Firms I and 2, respectively. The toxicity profile was consistent wi
th the known side effects of this IL-2 intravenous regimen combined with ci
splatin chemotherapy and IFN. Toxicity was more pronounced in treatment Arm
2 compared with treatment Arm 1. There were 2 and 4 patients, respectively
, in treatment Arms 1 and 2 who died within 28 days after completion of tre
atment.
CONCLUSIONS. The observed overall response rates of 16% and 25% in treatmen
t Arms 1 and 2, respectively, is lower than that expected with biochemother
apy; despite the fact that the objective of the trial was not to show any d
ifference between the 2 treatment arms, our results indicate that the addit
ion of IFN, at the dose and schedule used in this trial, fails to improve t
he activity of a cisplatin/IL-2 regimen significantly in patients with meta
static melanoma. Although response rates were relatively law, the median ov
erall survival was nearly 1 year in both groups. Cancer 1999;85:1060-6. (C)
1999 American Cancer Society.