The cause(s) of hematuria, dysuria, and pollakiuria cannot be identified in
most male and female cats with commonly used clinical techniques. Suggeste
d, but still unproven, causes of idiopathic lower urinary tract disease inc
lude uropathogens, increased permeability of the bladder mucosa to urine co
nstituents that stimulate inflammatory responses, and inflammation triggere
d by neurogenic mechanisms.