Recent innovations in digital close-range photogrammetric systems for indus
trial applications have made possible a high level of automation within the
3D coordinate measurement process. This paper reviews innovations in autom
ation for off-line vision metrology (VM) systems and discusses their operat
ional impact. Concepts such as coded targets, exterior orientation devices,
and robust solutions to the multi-image target point correspondence proble
m are illustrated through reference to a VM system capable of dimensional m
easurement accuracies of close to 1:200,000. (C) 1998 Academic Press.