In humans implanted with silicone gel breast prostheses, a mild foreign bod
y response results in the formation of a collagenous capsule around the pro
sthesis. Although many such patients may show evidence of a microscopic gra
nulomatous foreign body reaction upon examination of capsular material at e
xplantation of a prosthesis, it is unusual to have large, palpable granulom
as, even in the presence of rupture or leakage. Rare patients have had seve
re local inflammation and complications resulting from silicone migration t
o the axilla, arm, or abdominal wall. We describe 3 patients who had deform
ing granulomas after implant rupture, along with other consequences of sili
cone gel migrating down the upper extremity. Silicone gel, once it leaves t
he implant, is not biologically inert and in some persons can elicit profou
nd pathologic responses.