Colony-level and season-specific variation in cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of individual workers in the ant Formica truncorum

Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of individual workers of the ant Formica tru ncorum were measured and found to contain relatively few hydrocarbons. Pent acosane, heptacosane, nonacosane and hentriacontane dominated the mixture, but small amounts of the corresponding alkenes were also present. Principal component analysis and nested analysis of variance showed that workers fro m different colonies varied significantly in quantitative aspects of their cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. Furthermore, differences between habitat-pa tches within populations and (to some extent) between populations were also detected. Finally, workers from the same colony, sampled only a few months apart, were found to be different in the quantitative composition of their cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, emphasising the importance of collecting s amples from a colony at a single point in time.