MEASUREMENTS AND GLOBAL-MODELS OF SURFACE-WAVE PROPAGATION

A new technique for making single-station phase velocity measurements is developed and applied to a large number of globally recorded Raylei gh and Love waves in the period range 35-150 s. The method is based on phase-matched filter theory and iteratively suppresses the effect of interfering overtones by minimizing residual dispersion. The model sur face wave signal is described by its amplitude and apparent phase velo city, both of which are parameterized in terms of smooth B-spline func tions of frequency. A misfit function is constructed which represents the difference between the model and observed waveforms, and the optim al spline coefficients are estimated in an iterative misfit minimizati on algorithm. In order to eliminate cycle skips in the measurements of phase at short periods, the waveforms are first matched at long perio ds, and the frequency range is gradually extended to include higher fr equencies. The application of the algorithm to records from the Global Seismographic Network, using earthquakes in the Harvard centroid-mome nt tensor catalog, results in the determination of more than 50,000 hi gh-quality dispersion curves. The observed variations in measured disp ersion for pairwise similar paths are used to estimate realistic uncer tainties in the data. Phase delays at discrete periods are inverted fo r global maps of variations in phase velocity expanded in spherical ha rmonics up to degree 40. A realistic resolution test indicates that st ructures are well recovered up to at least degree 20. The new phase ve locity maps explain 70-96% of the observed variance in phase residuals , reflecting the high internal consistency of the dispersion measureme nts.