K. Tennakone et al., Dye-sensitized solid state photovoltaic cell based on composite zinc oxidetin (IV) oxide films, J PHYS D, 32(4), 1999, pp. 374-379
Dye-sensitized fully solid state cells having the structure of rough n-type
semiconductor film comprising zinc and tin(IV) oxide/Ru-bipyridyl complex/
p-CuI are found to generate high short-circuit photocurrents and open-circu
it voltages in contrast to the cells of same type made with a single oxide
(tin(TV) or zinc). The mechanism involved is explained as suppression recom
binations of photogenerated carriers and dye ions resulting from interparti
cle charge transfer.