Emergency management of disasters involving livestock in developing countries

Different disasters have similar consequences on the health and welfare of livestock. Numerous geophysical disasters can exacerbate epizootics, result ing in the deaths of many animals and the reduction of production efficienc y. These disasters also present a considerable threat of spoilage of proces sed foods, endangering public health. Furthermore, large-scale disasters in volving animals can modify the long-term stability of national economies, t he environment and social structures. The authors discuss the vulnerability of the livestock industry to natural disasters and the impact of floods, droughts and transboundary diseases and pests on national economies. Examples are given on how some losses can be avoided, evaluated and compensated. The role of the veterinarian is present ed in relation to work conducted by other relief organisations in cases of emergency. In developing countries, mitigation programmes should focus on s trengthening global animal health services. Preparedness needs to be commun ity based, with education provided in a timely manner. Effective recovery f rom disasters should be based on mitigation programmes, including internati onal trade and mutual aid agreements between neighbouring countries to supp ly appropriate goods and environmentally and culturally appropriate breeds of livestock. Disaster relief for the care of livestock should be recognised as a form of humanitarian assistance, given the benefits to be derived for public healt h and the socio-economic implications of successful intervention.