Virtual laryngoscopy

Virtual endoscopy enables computer-generated 3-dimensional visualization of a cavity by reconstructing 2-dimensional computed tomographic or magnetic resonance data. The technique has been used experimentally to study the col on, bronchi, ears, and other structures. Here, virtual laryngoscopies were created from the cross-sectional image data of 3 patients. The cases repres ented a normal airway, a squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic fold, and a posterior glottic stenosis. These reconstructions included extraluminal an atomy that is not typical of current virtual endoscopic techniques. The 2-d imensional computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images of the patien ts underwent post-processing for 3-dimensional reconstruction. The resultin g models were imported into an experimental virtual endoscopy program for 1 ) airway lumen generation and 2) interactive viewing. Though they could not be used for biopsy, the virtual laryngoscopies provided, in a noninvasive fashion, good simulation of endoscopy. Virtual endoscopy also gave the adde d benefits of the ability to assess the transmural extent of disease and vi ew the airway distal to areas of luminal compromise. This technology may we ll provide clinical benefit in preoperative planning, staging, and intrapro cedural guidance for head and neck disease and merits further study.