The effect of anodization on passive dissolution of titanium was studied by
measuring titanium levels in peritoneal leukocytes and tissues of laborato
ry animals with titanium plates implanted into the peritoneal cavity. Fifte
en Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to three treatment groups of
five animals. One group served as controls, the other two groups had an ano
dized or an unanodized implant placed in the left paracolic gutter. Periton
eal lavage samples and blood samples, organ tissues and tissue surrounding
the implants, were removed for histologic examination and titanium levels.
Titanium was not detected in any distant organs or in the peritoneal lavage
fluid. The capsular tissues surrounding the implants contained titanium at
levels ranging from 2610 to 16786 ng/g for unanodized plates, and 888-5933
ng/g for anodized plates. The titanium levels within the peritoneal leukoc
ytes of animals with unanodized implants were significantly elevated (P = 0
.01) over time, as compared with controls. The level of titanium in the per
itoneal leukocytes of animals with anodized implants was not significantly
elevated when compared with controls. Titanium levels in the trace range, a
s measured in the capsular tissues, are likely a result of corrosion. Surfa
ce treatment of titanium by anodization reduces passive dissolution. (C) 19
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