Hh. Hsu et al., Evolution of large-scale circulation and heating during the first transition of Asian summer monsoon, J CLIMATE, 12(3), 1999, pp. 793-810
This study investigates the characteristics of large-scale circulation and
heating during the first transition of the Asian summer monsoon by a compos
iting technique. The first transition is characterized by a sudden change i
n large-scale atmospheric circulation and convective activity in South and
Southeast Asia. The most notable features include 1) the development of the
low-level cyclonic circulation and the upper-level anticyclone in South As
ia, 2) the strong convection in the Bay of Bengal, the Indochina peninsula,
and the South China Sea, and 3) the warming and the subsequent cooling of
the SST in the Bay of Bengal.
Results show the close relationship between the fluctuations of atmospheric
circulation, heating, and surface condition. It is suggested that the atmo
spheric circulation abruptly changes during the transition owing to the int
eraction between convection, large-scale circulation, and lower-boundary fo
rcing that includes topographically lifting ocean and land surface heating.