M. Szturmowicz et al., Frequency and clinical significance of beta-subunit human chorionic gonadotropin expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients, TUMOR BIOL, 20(2), 1999, pp. 99-104
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a classic trophoblastic marker, has bee
n found recently in many nontrophoblastic tumors. Previously we have found
elevated serum beta HCG levels in 14% of small cell lung cancer patients. T
he aim of the present study was to assess the frequency and clinical signif
icance of beta HCG expression in non-small cell lung tumors and in the sera
of patients. 153 nonsmall cell lung cancer patients entered into this stud
y. The control group consisted of 85 patients with benign lung diseases. Se
rum beta HCG elevation exceeding 5 mIU/ml was found in 3.5% of patients wit
h benign lung diseases and in 12% of lung cancer patients (p = 0.03). Tumor
analysis revealed the presence of beta HCG positivity in 28% of resected l
ung specimens. beta HCG positivity was found more often in adenocarcinoma t
han in squamous cell lung carcinoma both in tissue and in serum, the differ
ences being not significant. Elevated serum beta HCG values were found more
frequently in stage IV patients than in the remainder (p = 0.03). Response
to chemotherapy (partial or minor response) was obtained more often in the
patients with normal serum beta HCG than in those with serum beta HCG elev
ation (p = 0.03). We suppose that the ability to produce beta HCG is a rare
but important biologic feature of lung carcinomas combined to some extent
with chemoresistance.