R. Zurbriggen et R. Gluck, Immunogenicity of IRIV- versus alum-adjuvanted diphtheria and tetanus toxoid vaccines in influenza primed mice, VACCINE, 17(11-12), 1999, pp. 1301-1305
The immunogenicity and protectivity of two different toroid vaccines were c
ompared in mice. In one formulation, toxoids (diphtheria or tetanus) were a
dsorbed to alumoxid, whereas in the other formulation the toxoids were cros
slinked to immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIVs). A
preimmunization with influenza antigens is necessary for a good anti-toroid
antibody response when the IRIV formulation was administered. After two im
munizations with the IRIV- or alum-based vaccines, the IRIV-based formulati
on induced a higher humoral immune response than toxoids adsorbed to alum.
Using an in vitro test, diphtheria toxin neutralizing antibodies were teste
d. Di-IRIV induced a significantly (p = 0.002) higher titer of diphtheria t
oxin neutralizing antibodies than Di-alum. Tetanus challenge experiments sh
owed, that the IRIV-based tetanus vaccine induced a threefold higher titer
of protective antibodies than the tetanus toroid adsorbed to alum. Therefor
e, the IRIV-based formulations appeared to be superior to the alum-based va
ccines in terms of immunogenicity and protectivity. (C) 1999 Elsevier Scien
ce Ltd. All rights reserved.