Muitilocular cystic nephroma represents an uncommon benign renal tumor, whi
ch has its origin in metanephrogenouos blastema. We report on a 40-year-old
female who was treated by tumor enucleation. Problems with differential di
agnosis, classification and pathogenesis are discussed. Because its difficu
lt to distinguish multilocular renal cyst from malignant lesion on the basi
s of radiologic findings alone, surgical intervention is the only effective
method to secure diagnosis. Regular monitoring by noninvasive techniques,
e.g. periodic ultrasound, of the remaining renal unit is recommended.