Applying the health promotion model to development of a worksite intervention

Introduction. Consistent use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) decreases noise-induced hearing loss, however, many workers do not use them consiste ntly. Past research has supported the need to use a conceptual framework to understand behaviors and guide intervention programs; however; few reports have specified a process to translate a conceptual model into an intervent ion. Purpose. The strongest predictors from the Health Promotion Model were used to design a training program to increase HPD use among construction worker s. Subjects/Setting. Carpenters (n = 118), operating engineers (n = 109), and plumber/pipefitters (n = 129) in the Midwest were recruited to participate in the study. Design. Written questionnaires including scales measuring the components of the Health Promotion Model were completed in classroom settings at worker trade group meetings. Measures. All items from scales Predicting HPD use were reviewed to determi ne the basis for the content of a program to promote the use of HPDs. Three selection criteria were developed: (1) correlation with use of hearing pro tection (at least .20), (2) amenability to change, and (3) room for improve ment (mean score not at ceiling;). Results. Linear regression and Pearson's correlation were used to assess th e components of the model as predictors of HPD use. Five predictors had sta tistically significant regression coefficients: perceived noise exposure, s elf-efficacy value of use, barriers to use, and modeling of use of hearing protection. Using items meeting the selection criteria, a 20-minute videota pe with written handouts was developed as the core of an intervention. A cl early defined practice session was also incorporated in the training interv ention. Conclusion. Determining salient factors for worker populations and specific protective equipment prior to designing an intervention is essenti al. These predictors provided the basis for a training program that address ed the specific needs of construction workers. Results of tests of the effe ctiveness of the program will be available in the near future.