Debridement of chronic osteomyelitis can be technically demanding and diffi
cult. The surgical principles that govern treatment of osteomyelitis involv
e an atraumatic approach and complete removal of all devitalized tissue and
foreign material. Despite recent advances in medical science, the quality
of surgical debridement remains the most critical factor in the successful
management of chronic orthopaedic infections; Important areas discussed inc
lude thorough preoperative evaluation, the surgical philosophy, soft tissue
aspects, bone considerations, and dead space management.