Techniques and systems for image and video retrieval

Storage and retrieval of multimedia has become a requirement for many conte mporary information systems. These systems need to provide browsing, queryi ng, navigation, and, sometimes, composition capabilities involving various forms of media. In this survey, we review techniques and systems for image and video retrieval. We first look at visual features for image retrieval s uch as color, texture. shape, and spatial relationships. The indexing techn iques are discussed for these features. Nonvisual features include captions , annotations. relational attributes, and structural descriptions. Temporal aspects of video retrieval and video segmentation are discussed next. We r eview several systems for image and video retrieval including research, com mercial. and World Wide Web-based systems. We conclude with an overview of current challenges and future trends for image and Video retrieval.