HOXA9 forms triple complexes with PBX2 and MEIS1 in myeloid cells

Aberrant activation of the HOX, MEIS, and PBX homeodomain protein families is associated with leukemias, and retrovirally driven coexpression of HOXA9 and MEIS1 is sufficient to induce myeloid leukemia in mice. Previous studi es have demonstrated that HOX-9 and HOX-10 paralog proteins are unique amon g HOX homeodomain proteins in their capacity to form in vitro cooperative D NA binding complexes with either the PBX or MEIS protein. Furthermore, PBX and MEIS proteins have been shown to form in vivo heterodimeric DNA binding complexes with each other. We now show that in vitro DNA site selection fo r MEIS1 in the presence of HOXA9 and PBX yields a consensus PBX-HOXA9 site, MEIS1 enhances in vitro HOXA9-PBX protein complex formation in the absence of DNA and forms a trimeric electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) co mplex with these proteins on an oligonucleotide containing a PBX-HOXA9 site , Myeloid cell nuclear extracts produce EMSA complexes which appear to cont ain HOXA9, PBX2, and MEIS1, while immunoprecipitation of HOXA9 from these e xtracts results in coprecipitation of PBX2 and MEIS1, In myeloid cells, HOX A9, MEIS1, and PBX2 are all strongly expressed in the nucleus, where a port ion of their signals are colocalized within nuclear speckles, However, cotr ansfection of HOXA9 and PBX2 with or without MEIS1 minimally influences tra nscription of a reporter gene containing multiple PBX-HOXA9 binding sites. Taken together, these data suggest that in myeloid leukemia cells MEIS1 for ms trimeric complexes with PBX and HOXA9, which in turn can bind to consens us PBX-HOXA9 DNA targets.