M. Knollmuller et al., Aminoalcohols V [1]: A method for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure ring-chlorinated epinephrines and norepinephrines, MONATS CHEM, 130(3), 1999, pp. 451-470
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure 5- and 6-chloroepinephrine hydrochlo
ride, resp., as well as 6-chloronorepinephrine hydrochloride is described s
tarting from ring chlorinated O-benzylated dihydroxybenzaldehyde cyanohydri
ns, which are O-protected using an enantiomerically pure acetal-type protec
ting group (MBE). After lithium aluminum hydride reduction, followed - if n
ecessary - by N-protection and methylation, removal of the chiral auxiliar
and deprotection by hydrogenation furnished the target compounds with enant
iomeric purities above 96% ee in high chemical yield, if well defined react
ion conditions during the hydrogenation process were closely observed.