We inaugurate a framework for studying preheating and parametric resonance
after inflation without resorting to any approximations, either in gravitat
ional perturbation theory or in the classical evolution of the field(s). We
do this by numerically solving the Einstein field equations in the post-in
flationary universe. In this paper we show how to compare our results to th
ose of gauge invariant perturbation theory. We then verify the analysis of
Finelli and Brandenberger (hep-ph/9809490) of super-horizon modes in m(2)ph
i(2) inflation, showing that they are not amplified by resonant effects. La
stly, we make a preliminary survey of the nonlinear couplings between modes
, which will be important in models where the primordial metric perturbatio
ns undergo parametric amplification. [S0556-2821(99)50204-X].