The reaction of alpha-ethoxyacrolein with diethyl malonate in the presence
of EtONa, lithium diisopropylamide, or the Na2CO3-benzene-Et-3(PhCH2)NCl ca
talytic system proceeds as the Michael addition. In the presence of an equi
molar amount of triethylamine, selective 1,2-addition followed by dehydrati
on of the 1,2-adduct occurs. Owing to the strong +M effect of the EtO group
, alpha-ethoxyacrolein is a substantially less active Michael acceptor than
acrolein.