The refugee dilemma has moved to the center of world concern, and it o
ccupies an important spot on national security agendas to augment its
position on the global humanitarian agenda. This article analyzes the
causes and consequences of the perceived security threat surrounding t
he global refugee crisis. In studying this predicament for governments
and citizens in both sending and receiving states, this study combine
s theoretical propositions with empirical evidence, primarily about th
e ongoing dilemmas in Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Rwanda.