DISEASE PROGRESS OF BLACK DOT ON TOMATO ROOTS AND REDUCTION IN INCIDENCE WITH FOLIAR-APPLIED FUNGICIDES

Progression of black dot caused by Colletotrichum coccodes was determi ned at regular intervals on roots of processing tomatoes growing in a naturally infested field. In 1993 and 1994, C. coccodes was first isol ated from tomato roots 30 and 37 days after transplanting, respectivel y, which corresponded to the opening of flowers in the first flower cl usters. Black dot incidence increased rapidly from the time when large green fruit were present to production of mature red fruit. In both y ears, C. coccodes was isolated from the roots of 97% of the plants at the postharvest sampling date (162 days after transplanting). Areas un der the incidence disease progress curves were not significantly diffe rent in the 2 years of study (1993 = 83.5, 1994 = 86.9). Root decay wa s severe at the postharvest sampling, and sclerotia of C. coccodes wer e abundant on the roots. C. coccodes was isolated from 38 and 44% of t he root segments in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Areas under the disea se progress curves for infected root segments were not significantly d ifferent in the 2 years of study (1993 = 25.8, 1994 = 33.9). In a sepa rate study chlorothalonil (2.5 kg/ha) or mancozeb (1.68 kg/ha) was app lied at 7-, 10-, or 14-day intervals to tomato plants. Recovery of C. coccodes from root segments at harvest (113 to 118 days after transpla nting) was significantly reduced in the chlorothalonil 7- or 10-day an d mancozeb 10-day interval treatments in both years. However, the perc entage of plants with black dot was not consistently reduced by fungic ide applications.